Noida: While respiratory problems often dominate concerns over deteriorating air quality, residents across NCR are increasingly reporting burning, itching, redness and excessive watering of the eyes as a thick layer of smog envelops the region. Ophthalmologists say the eyes, being directly exposed to polluted air, are among the first organs to bear its impact, warning that the rising pollution levels are taking a toll on eye health. With winter pollution becoming a recurring concern, protecting the eyes must also become an essential part of everyday precautions against smog.Doctors said that increasing levels of fine particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) can damage the protective layer covering the eyes, and prolonged exposure can trigger inflammation and may increase vulnerability to eye allergies and infections.“Air pollution affects eye health by disrupting the tear film that protects the cornea, a delicate tissue. This can cause dryness, irritation, itching and excessive watering, prompting people to rub their eyes frequently and aggravate the problem,” said Dr Neetu Sharma, senior consultant, ophthalmology, Fortis Noida.The symptoms can be particularly troublesome for people with pre-existing dry eye conditions and allergies, as well as those who commute long hours or work outdoors. Contact lens users are at risk of experiencing higher discomfort as dust and fine particles accumulate on the lens surface or get trapped underneath, causing a gritty sensation and burning.Dr Mahipal S Sachdev, chairperson and managing director of the Centre for Sight Group of Eye Hospitals, said vehicular emissions, industrial pollution and construction dust, along with seasonal factors such as stubble burning, were contributing to worsening pollution levels across northern India. Winter conditions, particularly low wind speeds and temperature inversions, further restrict the dispersal of pollutants, trapping them closer to the ground.“Patients are increasingly complaining of sudden haziness in vision and a persistent foreign-body sensation, as though a particle is stuck in the eye. These symptoms are largely associated with exposure to airborne particulate matter, particularly PM10, which irritates the ocular surface,” said a senior doctor at Noida district hospital.The doctor added that these symptoms should not be ignored and that patients should avoid taking over-the-counter medication without medical advice. The doctor cautioned against indiscriminate use of steroid-based eye drops, which can increase eye pressure and, with prolonged misuse, lead to serious complications, including early cataract.“Instead of rubbing their eyes, people should begin using preservative-free lubricating eye drops after consulting an eye specialist. Wearing spectacles or protective eyewear outdoors, limiting exposure during periods of severe pollution and maintaining proper contact lens hygiene can also help,” Sachdev said.Persistent pain, blurred vision, excessive redness or sensitivity to light should not be ignored and warrant an eye examination. Sudden changes in vision or severe eye pain require immediate medical attention.
